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Bankart repair is a surgical procedure designed to address a specific type of shoulder injury known as a Bankart lesion. This injury typically occurs when the shoulder dislocates, causing damage to the labrum—a cartilage ring that surrounds the shoulder socket. The Bankart repair treatment aims to restore stability to the shoulder joint and alleviate associated symptoms.
Symptoms:
Shoulder Instability: Individuals with a Bankart lesion often experience recurrent shoulder dislocations or a sensation of the shoulder “giving way.” This instability can significantly impact daily activities.
Pain and Discomfort: Patients may complain of persistent pain in the shoulder, particularly during certain movements or activities. Discomfort may be present even when the shoulder is at rest.
Limited Range of Motion: A Bankart lesion can restrict the normal range of motion in the affected shoulder. This limitation may be felt when raising the arm or performing overhead activities.
Swelling and Bruising: Following a shoulder dislocation, swelling and bruising may occur around the shoulder joint, indicating soft tissue damage, including the labrum.
Treatment:
Non-Surgical Options: Initially, conservative treatments may be attempted, including rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications. These measures aim to alleviate symptoms and strengthen the surrounding muscles.
Surgical Intervention (Bankart Repair): When conservative methods prove insufficient, surgical intervention becomes a viable option. Bankart repair is a common procedure employed to address the labral tear and restore stability to the shoulder. The surgery is typically performed arthroscopically, utilizing small incisions and a camera for precision.
Anesthesia and Incisions: The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. Small incisions are made around the shoulder, allowing the surgeon to insert the arthroscope and specialized instruments.
Labral Repair: The surgeon identifies the damaged labrum and proceeds to repair it. This may involve reattaching the torn labrum to the shoulder socket using anchors and sutures. The goal is to restore the labrum to its normal position and function.
Rehabilitation: Following surgery, a structured rehabilitation program is crucial for optimal recovery. Physical therapy plays a key role in regaining strength, range of motion, and shoulder stability. Patients are guided through exercises to gradually reintroduce movement and enhance the healing process.
Postoperative Care: Patients are advised to follow specific postoperative instructions, including restrictions on certain activities and a gradual return to normal daily routines. The success of the surgery relies on adherence to these guidelines.
Outcomes:
Bankart repair surgery has a high success rate in restoring shoulder stability and reducing the risk of recurrent dislocations. The majority of patients experience significant improvement in symptoms and functional outcomes. However, individual results may vary, and rehabilitation is a critical component in achieving the best possible outcome.
